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HSK1 Chapter 2: Numbers and Dates


Objectives:

  • Learn how to count and express dates in Chinese.
  • Understand basic sentence structures for talking about numbers and dates.
  • Practice listening, writing, and speaking using numbers and dates.


Section 1: Key Vocabulary

  1. 一 (yī) – One
  2. 二 (èr) – Two
  3. 三 (sān) – Three
  4. 四 (sì) – Four
  5. 五 (wǔ) – Five
  6. 六 (liù) – Six
  7. 七 (qī) – Seven
  8. 八 (bā) – Eight
  9. 九 (jiǔ) – Nine
  10. 十 (shí) – Ten
  11. 月 (yuè) – Month
  12. 日 (rì) – Day (formal, written)
  13. 号 (hào) – Day (informal, spoken)
  14. 星期 (xīngqī) – Week
  15. 年 (nián) – Year
  16. 今天 (jīntiān) – Today
  17. 明天 (míngtiān) – Tomorrow
  18. 昨天 (zuótiān) – Yesterday
  19. 几 (jǐ) – How many?
  20. 多 (duō) – How much/many?
  21. 岁 (suì) – Age, years old

Section 2: Key Sentences

今天是几月几号？ (Jīntiān shì jǐ yuè jǐ hào?) – What is the date today?
今天是十月五号。 (Jīntiān shì shí yuè wǔ hào.) – Today is October 5th.
你多大了？ (Nǐ duō dà le?) – How old are you?
我二十岁。 (Wǒ èrshí suì.) – I am 20 years old.
明天是星期几？ (Míngtiān shì xīngqī jǐ?) – What day of the week is tomorrow?
明天是星期六。 (Míngtiān shì xīngqī liù.) – Tomorrow is Saturday.

Section 3: Grammar Points

  1. The Use of 几 (jǐ):
    几 (jǐ) is used to ask "how many" when the expected answer is a small number, usually fewer than ten. It is often used when asking for dates, times, or age.
    Example:
    今天是几号？ (Jīntiān shì jǐ hào?) – What is the date today?

  2. The Difference Between 日 (rì) and 号 (hào):
    日 (rì) is more formal and is used in writing to express the day of the month. 号 (hào) is used in casual conversations. Both mean "day" when referring to the date.
    Example:
    今天是十月一日。 (Jīntiān shì shí yuè yī rì.) – Today is October 1st (formal).
    今天是十月一号。 (Jīntiān shì shí yuè yī hào.) – Today is October 1st (casual).

  3. How to Say the Date in Chinese:
    The structure is [Year] + [Month] + [Day].
    Example:
    2024年10月5号 (èr líng èr sì nián shí yuè wǔ hào) – October 5, 2024.

  4. Expressing Age Using 岁 (suì):
    When asking or talking about age, 岁 (suì) is used to indicate "years old."
    Example:
    你几岁？ (Nǐ jǐ suì?) – How old are you? (for children).
    你多大了？ (Nǐ duō dà le?) – How old are you? (for adults).
    我二十岁。 (Wǒ èrshí suì.) – I am 20 years old.


Section 4: Practice Exercises

Exercise 1: Fill in the Blanks
Complete the sentences with the correct vocabulary.

  1. 今天是几 ______？
    (What is today’s date?)

  2. 我 ______ 岁。
    (I am 25 years old.)

  3. 今年是 ______ 年？
    (What year is it this year?)

  4. 明天是 ______ 几？
    (What day of the week is tomorrow?)

  5. 昨天是 ______ 月四 ______。
    (Yesterday was October 4th.)

Exercise 2: Translate the Sentences
Translate the following sentences into Chinese.

  1. How old are you?
  2. What day of the week is today?
  3. Tomorrow is Sunday.
  4. Today is October 1st.
  5. I am 18 years old.

Exercise 3: Write the Following Dates in Chinese

  1. March 15, 2023
  2. July 1, 1990
  3. December 25, 2024
  4. August 9, 1965
  5. November 11, 2020

Exercise 4: Matching Exercise
Match the words with their meanings.

  1. 十 (shí) –
  2. 岁 (suì) –
  3. 今天 (jīntiān) –
  4. 明天 (míngtiān) –
  5. 星期 (xīngqī) –

a) Ten
b) Age, years old
c) Today
d) Week
e) Tomorrow

Exercise 5: Sentence Rearrangement
Rearrange the words to form a proper sentence.

  1. 是 / 几 / 今天 / 星期？
  2. 号 / 是 / 今天 / 十月 / 十五 / 几？
  3. 岁 / 你 / 几 / 了？
  4. 今年 / 几 / 是 / 年？
  5. 岁 / 我 / 十九。

Exercise 6: Dialogue Practice
Complete the following dialogue with the appropriate words.

A: 你好！今天是 ______ 月 ______ 号？
B: 今天是 ______ 月 ______ 号。
A: 明天是 ______ 几？
B: 明天是 ______ 六。
A: 你今年 ______ 岁了？
B: 我 ______ 岁。


Section 5: Listening Practice (Optional for class use)

Teacher's Notes:
Read the following short dialogue aloud and have students write down what they hear.

  1. A: 今天是几月几号？
    B: 今天是十月五号。

  2. A: 你今年多大了？
    B: 我二十岁。

Student Task:
Listen carefully and write the dialogue you hear.


Section 6: Role Play

  • Activity 1: Pair up with a partner. One person asks for the date, and the other responds. Switch roles.
  • Activity 2: Have a brief conversation with a classmate where you ask their age and talk about what day of the week it is.

Section 7: Review Quiz

Multiple Choice:

  1. How do you say "age" in Chinese?
    a) 年
    b) 岁
    c) 月

  2. How do you ask "What is the date today?" in Chinese?
    a) 今天是几月几号？
    b) 今天是几岁？
    c) 今天是几星期？

  3. How do you say "Tomorrow is Monday"?
    a) 明天是星期日。
    b) 明天是星期一。
    c) 明天是星期二。


Section 8: Self-Assessment Checklist

Before moving on to the next chapter, check if you can:

  • Count from 1 to 10 in Chinese.
  • Ask someone for the date using "今天是几月几号？"
  • Tell someone your age using "我 [number] 岁."
  • Use "星期" to talk about days of the week.
  • Say "yesterday," "today," and "tomorrow" in Chinese.

Homework:

Write five sentences about yourself using numbers. You can talk about your age, today’s date, and what day of the week it is. Be sure to practice both writing and speaking these sentences. 

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