HSK1 Chapter 6: Family and Friends

Objectives:

In this chapter, you will learn to talk about family members and friends in Mandarin. This includes introducing family members, describing relationships, and asking basic questions about others' families. You'll practice relevant vocabulary, sentence structures, and conversational skills.

Section 1: Key Vocabulary

1. 家 (jiā) – Family/home
2. 爸爸 (bàba) – Father
3. 妈妈 (māma) – Mother
4. 哥哥 (gēge) – Older brother
5. 弟弟 (dìdi) – Younger brother
6. 姐姐 (jiějie) – Older sister
7. 妹妹 (mèimei) – Younger sister
8. 朋友 (péngyou) – Friend
9. 爱 (ài) – Love
10. 有 (yǒu) – To have
11. 没有 (méiyǒu) – Not have
12. 谁 (shéi) – Who
13. 几 (jǐ) – How many
14. 大 (dà) – Big/old
15. 小 (xiǎo) – Small/young

Section 2: Key Sentences

1. 你家有几口人？ (Nǐ jiā yǒu jǐ kǒu rén?) – How many people are there in your family?
2. 我家有五口人。 (Wǒ jiā yǒu wǔ kǒu rén.) – There are five people in my family.
3. 这是我的爸爸和妈妈。 (Zhè shì wǒ de bàba hé māma.) – This is my father and mother.
4. 他是谁？ (Tā shì shéi?) – Who is he?
5. 我有两个哥哥和一个妹妹。 (Wǒ yǒu liǎng gè gēge hé yī gè mèimei.) – I have two older brothers and one younger sister.
6. 你有朋友吗？ (Nǐ yǒu péngyou ma?) – Do you have friends?

Section 3: Grammar Points

1. Talking About Family Members:
   Use 家有 + number + 口人 to describe the number of family members in your home.
   Example: 我家有四口人。 (Wǒ jiā yǒu sì kǒu rén.) – My family has four people.

2. Measure Words:
   When talking about people, use the measure word 个 (gè).
   Example: 我有一个姐姐。 (Wǒ yǒu yī gè jiějie.) – I have one older sister.

3. Who Questions:
   Use 谁 (shéi) to ask “Who” questions.
   Example: 他是谁？ (Tā shì shéi?) – Who is he?

4. Yes/No Questions with 吗 (ma):
   To ask a yes/no question, add 吗 (ma) to the end of a statement.
   Example: 你有弟弟吗？ (Nǐ yǒu dìdi ma?) – Do you have a younger brother?

Section 4: Practice Exercises

Exercise 1: Fill in the Blanks

Fill in the blanks with the correct words.

1. 你家有几 _______ 人？
2. 我家有 _______ 口人。
3. 他是我的 _______，她是我的妈妈。
4. 我 _______ 一个姐姐和两个哥哥。
5. _______ 是你的弟弟？

Exercise 2: Translate the Sentences

Translate the following sentences into Mandarin.

1. This is my father and mother.
2. How many people are there in your family?
3. I have three friends.
4. Do you have a younger brother?
5. Who is she?

Exercise 3: Write About Your Family

Write a short paragraph about your family. Include the number of family members, who they are, and their relationship to you.

Example:

我家有五口人：爸爸、妈妈、哥哥、姐姐和我。我的爸爸很大，我的妈妈很小。我爱我的家。

Exercise 4: Matching Exercise

Match the Chinese words with their English meanings.

1. 爸爸
2. 朋友
3. 谁
4. 有
5. 家

a) Family

b) Father

c) To have

d) Who

e) Friend

Exercise 5: Rearrange the Words

Rearrange the words to form correct sentences.

1. 你 / 家 / 几 / 人 / 有 / 口？
2. 是 / 谁 / 他？
3. 妹妹 / 一个 / 我 / 有。
4. 朋友 / 你 / 吗 / 有？
5. 五口人 / 家 / 我的 / 有。

Exercise 6: Dialogue Practice

Complete the dialogue using vocabulary from this chapter.

A: 你家有几口人？

B: _______ 家有四口人。爸爸、妈妈、哥哥和我。

A: _______ 是你的朋友吗？

B: 对，他是我的好朋友。

Exercise 7: True or False

Write 对 (duì) for True or 错 (cuò) for False.

1. 爸爸是 father.
2. 妈妈是 friend.
3. 家有几口人 means “Do you have a younger brother?”
4. 你有朋友吗？ translates to “Do you have friends?”
5. 姐姐 means younger sister.

Section 5: Role Play

Activity 1: Work with a partner to introduce your family members. Use the sentences:

• 我家有五口人。
• 这是我的爸爸和妈妈。

Activity 2: Create a short dialogue where one person asks about the other’s family, and the other answers.

Section 6: Listening Practice (Optional for class use)

Teacher’s Notes:

Read the following sentences aloud for students to write down.

1. 我家有三口人。
2. 他是我的哥哥。
3. 你有弟弟吗？
4. 她是我的好朋友。

Student Task:

Listen carefully and write down the sentences.

Section 7: Self-Assessment Checklist

Before moving to the next chapter, check if you can:

• Use vocabulary related to family members and friends.
• Ask and answer questions about family.
• Introduce your family members in Mandarin.

Homework:

Write a short paragraph introducing your family and a friend. Include the number of people in your family and describe your relationships.