Objectives: Learn to ask and tell the time and date in Mandarin. Understand how to structure sentences about time, days, months, and years. Practice reading, writing, and speaking about time and dates.
Section 1: Key Vocabulary
- 现在 (xiànzài) – Now
- 时间 (shíjiān) – Time
- 几点 (jǐ diǎn) – What time
- 早上 (zǎoshang) – Morning
- 中午 (zhōngwǔ) – Noon
- 下午 (xiàwǔ) – Afternoon
- 晚上 (wǎnshang) – Evening/night
- 今天 (jīntiān) – Today
- 昨天 (zuótiān) – Yesterday
- 明天 (míngtiān) – Tomorrow
- 星期 (xīngqī) – Week
- 周末 (zhōumò) – Weekend
- 几月 (jǐ yuè) – Which month
- 几号 (jǐ hào) – What date
- 年 (nián) – Year
Section 2: Key Sentences
- 现在几点? (Xiànzài jǐ diǎn?) – What time is it now?
- 今天是几号? (Jīntiān shì jǐ hào?) – What is today’s date?
- 你明天有时间吗? (Nǐ míngtiān yǒu shíjiān ma?) – Do you have time tomorrow?
- 我昨天很忙。 (Wǒ zuótiān hěn máng.) – I was very busy yesterday.
- 明天是星期五。 (Míngtiān shì xīngqī wǔ.) – Tomorrow is Friday.
- 你的生日是几月几号? (Nǐ de shēngrì shì jǐ yuè jǐ hào?) – When is your birthday?
Section 3: Grammar Points
- Asking for Time:Use "现在几点?" to ask the time. To answer, use:现在 + [hour] 点 [minutes] 分.Example: 现在三点二十分。 (Xiànzài sān diǎn èr shí fēn.) – It’s 3:20.
- Describing Dates:Dates are structured in the order of year + month + date. Use:[Year] 年 [Month] 月 [Date] 号/日.Example: 今天是2024年11月20号。 (Jīntiān shì 2024 nián 11 yuè 20 hào.) – Today is November 20, 2024.
- Days of the Week:Add the number 1–6 to 星期 to specify weekdays (e.g., 星期一 for Monday). Use 星期天 or 星期日 for Sunday.Example: 今天是星期三。 (Jīntiān shì xīngqī sān.) – Today is Wednesday.
- Expressing Yesterday, Today, and Tomorrow:Use 昨天 for yesterday, 今天 for today, and 明天 for tomorrow. These words are placed before the verb.Example: 我明天学习汉语。 (Wǒ míngtiān xuéxí Hànyǔ.) – I will study Chinese tomorrow.
Section 4: Practice Exercises
Exercise 1: Fill in the Blanks
Complete the sentences using the appropriate words.
- 现在 _______ 几点?
- 今天是几 _______ 几 _______?
- 昨天是 _______ 几。
- _______ 你有时间吗?
- 我 _______ 星期六工作。
Exercise 2: Translate the Sentences
Translate these sentences into Chinese.
- What is the date today?
- I was very busy yesterday.
- Tomorrow is Monday.
- What time is it now?
- My birthday is June 15.
Exercise 3: Write the Date
Write the following dates in Chinese.
- November 21, 2024
- January 1, 2023
- October 10, 2020
- July 4, 1999
- March 15, 2018
Exercise 4: Matching Exercise
Match the Chinese phrases with their English meanings.
- 现在几点?
- 明天是星期四。
- 今天是十一月二十号。
- 你的生日是几月几号?
- 昨天我很忙。
a) Yesterday I was very busy.
b) What is the time now?
c) Today is November 20.
d) Tomorrow is Thursday.
e) When is your birthday?
Exercise 5: Sentence Rearrangement
Rearrange the words to form correct sentences.
- 现在 / 十点 / 是。
- 很忙 / 我 / 昨天。
- 明天 / 几 / 星期 / 是?
- 是 / 今天 / 十一月 / 二十号。
- 你 / 几号 / 的 / 是 / 生日?
Exercise 6: Dialogue Practice
Complete the dialogue using the vocabulary from this chapter.
A: _______ 是几月几号?
B: 今天是十一月二十号。
A: 现在几点?
B: _______ 十点三十分。
Exercise 7: Describe a Day
Write a short paragraph about a day in the past, present, or future. Include information about the time, date, and activities.
Example:
昨天是十一月十九号。我早上六点起床,然后七点吃早餐。晚上八点,我看电视,十点睡觉。
Section 5: Listening Practice (Optional for class use)
Teacher’s Notes:
Read the following sentences aloud for students to write down.
- 今天是星期五。
- 现在是下午三点十五分。
- 明天我去学校学习汉语。
- 昨天他很忙,没有时间。
Student Task:
Listen carefully and write down the sentences.
Section 6: Role Play
Activity 1: Partner up and take turns asking and answering questions about the time and date. Use sentences like:
- 现在几点?
- 今天是几月几号?
- 明天是星期几?
Activity 2: Create a short dialogue where one person asks about plans for tomorrow, and the other responds.
Section 7: Review Quiz
Multiple Choice:
- How do you ask “What is the date today?”a) 今天是星期几?b) 今天是几月几号?c) 现在几点?
- Which word means “morning”?a) 晚上b) 中午c) 早上
- How do you say “Tomorrow is Friday”?a) 昨天是星期五。b) 明天是星期五。c) 今天是星期五。
- What does “现在是七点” mean?a) It’s 7 o’clock now.b) It’s 7:30 now.c) It’s time to go.
Section 8: Self-Assessment Checklist
Before moving to the next chapter, check if you can:
- Ask and tell the time in Chinese.
- Ask and describe the date in Chinese.
- Use words like 昨天, 今天, and 明天 correctly.
- Write a short paragraph about a day, including time and date.
Homework:
Write a short paragraph about what you did yesterday, what you are doing today, and what you will do tomorrow. Include time and date information.
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